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Scam(p(er))?

Our take

Let's dive into something slippery: the word "scam." Nitsuh Abebe, the newly minted *New York Times* On Language columnist, just dropped a fascinating piece exploring its surprising surge in popularity. It's no longer confined to outright fraud; Abebe notes it now broadly encompasses *any* system—however seemingly legitimate—where someone benefits at your expense. A delightful expansion of meaning, wouldn’t you say? The word’s evolution reflects a growing awareness of subtle exploitation, a kind of linguistic razor clam surfacing from the depths of our collective consciousness. We’ve been tracking similar shifts in language, like the curious rise of “alongside,” as explored in Ben Yagoda’s insightful post. It’s a reminder that language isn't static—it's a living, breathing thing, constantly adapting to reflect our changing world (and our increasingly discerning skepticism).
Scam(p(er))?

The relentless creep of semantic drift – it’s a thing, isn’t it? Nitsuh Abebe’s recent *NY Times* column on the word “scam” Blended Spanish is just the latest, and rather fascinating, example. Abebe notes the word's expanding definition, now encompassing anything where someone profits at another's expense, regardless of legality. This isn't just a linguistic quirk; it's a reflection of a growing societal cynicism, a heightened awareness of systemic exploitation, and a willingness to label anything that feels vaguely exploitative as a “scam.” Think about it: “scam” used to be firmly rooted in the realm of outright fraud, a con artist’s hustle. Now? It’s applied to subscription services, influencer marketing, even, arguably, certain aspects of capitalism itself. It’s a fascinating descent from specific duplicity to a generalized feeling of being…taken. It reminds us of the way language can both reflect and shape our perceptions, and how readily we apply broad strokes when assessing complex systems. And it’s not entirely dissimilar to the way we’ve seen words like "gaslighting" acquire a much wider application, a phenomenon explored in our piece Why “Alongside”, which touches on the increasing frequency of seemingly innocuous words taking on heightened emotional weight. The interesting bit isn’t just the semantic expansion itself, but *why* it’s happening now, and why it's gaining such traction. We’re living in an age of information overload, where transparency is often an illusion, and trust in institutions is at an all-time low. The internet, for all its democratizing potential, has also become a breeding ground for misinformation and manipulation. The constant barrage of targeted advertising, algorithmic manipulation, and increasingly complex financial instruments has left many feeling bewildered and exploited. Suddenly, “scam” offers a convenient, albeit blunt, label for this pervasive sense of unease. It's a verbal shortcut for navigating a world where the fine print is deliberately obfuscated and the power dynamics are overwhelmingly skewed. Consider, too, the cultural resonance; the word carries a certain rebellious energy, a defiant rejection of the status quo. It’s a term that’s adopted by the digitally savvy, the skeptical, the ones who already suspect something's not quite right. It’s a verbal weapon against perceived injustices, even if those injustices are merely the result of unfortunate circumstances or shrewd business practices. This shift in usage also speaks to a broader cultural trend: the increasing blurring of lines between legitimate and illegitimate gain. The relentless pursuit of profit, often at any cost, has become so ingrained in our society that it’s easy to forget that there's a moral dimension to economic activity. When a corporation prioritizes shareholder value over the well-being of its employees or the environment, is that a scam? Perhaps not in a strictly legal sense, but it certainly feels that way to many. And the word "scam" provides a handy vehicle for articulating that feeling. It’s a linguistic pressure release valve for anxieties about economic inequality and corporate power. It’s a way of saying, “This doesn’t feel right,” even if we can’t articulate exactly why. The evolution of "scam" isn't happening in a vacuum; it’s intertwined with our anxieties about social mobility and the perceived unfairness of the system. It echoes the kind of cynical appraisal found in our Bello! piece – a willingness to see past surface appearances and detect the underlying mechanics, even when those mechanics are intentionally obscured. So, where does this leave us? It suggests that the word “scam” is likely to become even more pervasive in the years to come, expanding its reach to encompass an ever-widening range of behaviors and systems. We might see a backlash, a reassertion of the word's original, narrower meaning, but that feels unlikely. The underlying anxieties that fueled this semantic shift are not going away anytime soon. The question isn't whether “scam” will continue to evolve, but rather, what new words will emerge to capture the nuances of a world increasingly characterized by complexity, opacity, and a profound lack of trust. Will we invent a new term to describe the feeling of being subtly manipulated by algorithms? Or will "scam" simply continue to absorb everything in its path, becoming a catch-all for all that feels unjust and exploitative?

Nitsuh Abebe, the new NY Times On Language columnist (see this post), has a new column (archived) on the word scam. Most of it is about how the word is more popular than ever and has expanded its remit to cover “any system, however legitimate, that ends with somebody profiting at your expense”; while mildly interesting, this is just another example of language change at work, and you’d have to be a dedicated peever to work up much outrage about it. But he includes a section on etymology:

Part of Falcone’s interest in scamming comes from a remarkable place. His grandfather, he says, was a pitchman with traveling carnivals before settling in Atlantic City, where he’d work the piers selling decks of cards rigged for magic tricks. This happens to be the source of the word “scam” itself: All we know for sure, etymologically, is that as of the early 1960s, it was carnival slang for fleecing the public. Beyond that, speculation runs wild. Is it related to “scamp” or “scamper” or “sham?” Does it come from British dialects that used it for “the impurities in rocks and minerals?” From Irish American criminal slang? From the French “escamoter” — to evade, or to conjure away? No theory seems to come with any real evidence. Beyond 20th-century carnies, all is mystery.

So if you’re inclined to set a high bar of deception before calling things scams, you don’t have much history to appeal to; it’s a young word with obscure origins.

I didn’t know any of that — its carny origins, its recency, or its mysterious etymology. The OED (entry published 1982) cites it first from 1963 (“He..worked..as a carny huckster… ‘It was a full scam.’” Time 28 June 48/2) and says simply “Of unknown origin.”

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